What are the two basic types of economies?

In the above figure, suppose the economy is initially on the demand for money curve MD1. What is the effect of a fall in the nominal interest rate?

A) The demand for money curve would shift rightward to MD2. B) The demand for money curve would shift leftward to MD0. C) There would be a movement upward along the demand for money curve MD1. D) There would be a movement downward along the demand for money curve MD1.

The commercial banks in Fundland have

Reserves $500 million Loans $3,500 million Deposits $4,000 million Total assets $5,000 million The banks hold no excess reserves. a) Calculate the banks' desired reserve ratio. b) An immigrant arrives in Fundland with $10 million, which she deposits in a bank. How much does the immigrant's bank lend initially?