The National Survey of Youth and Religion in the U.S., which surveyed over 3,000 adolescents, found what percentage of adolescents believe in God (or a universal spirit)?

Suppose that a doctor decides that a patient has a cold, rather than a much rarer disease, Disease X. She decides the disease is a cold, even though one symptom is fairly typical of Disease X and fairly atypical of a cold. This doctor is

a. paying attention to the base rate of the diseases. b. showing the confirmation bias. c. demonstrating the small-sample fallacy. d. combining the availability heuristic with the representativeness heuristic.

Bill believes that all fraternity members are snobs. Bill is engaging in

a. discrimination b. scapegoating c. ego-defensive behavior d. stereotyping