Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure may be caused by which of the following?
a. Decreased fractional inspired oxygen (FIO2)
b. Pulmonary shunt
c. Respiratory muscle fatigue
d. Perfusion/diffusion impairment
ANS: C
A decreased fractional inspired oxygen (FIO2), pulmonary shunt, and perfusion/diffusion im-pairment will lead to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Respiratory muscle fatigue would de-crease a patient's ability to "move air" and would cause acute hypercapnic respiratory failure.
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