In 2015, JP Morgan Chase announced that it was laying off 5,000 employees. The laid-off employees who were not able to find jobs at another bank due to a permanent decline in demand in the banking industry would be considered

Currency crises may result from

A) central bank balance sheets with higher liabilities than assets. B) political upheaval leading to lowering exports. C) a reconfiguration of central bank balance sheets. D) speculative attacks on the currency or central banks purchasing excessive amounts of government bonds. E) depreciation of foreign reserves.

Assume the role of a critic of advertising. Describe the characteristics of advertising that reduce the effectiveness of markets and decrease the social welfare of society