All of the following can be performed by the concrete operational child EXCEPT:

When researchers say women generally have higher verbal abilities than men, it is important to remember that

a. women are naturally better at verbal tasks, so the gender comparison is unfair. b. assessments may be biased in favor of women, meaning new measures should be developed. c. the difference is relatively small, meaning there is more similarity than difference. d. women also perform better on memory tasks.

Regarding spatial behavior, which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Since spatial behavior is very consistent, you can learn about your relationship to others by observing the distance you comfortably hold between yourselves. b. In many Middle Eastern countries, people hold their faces only inches apart while talking. c. When people have different cultural norms for personal space, misunderstanding can occur with one person feeling that the other is being too familiar and the other who is moving closer feeling rejected. d. In Western Europe, the French sit closer together when conversing than the English do.