Compare and contrast the use of perspective in Raphael’s The School of Athens and Asher Brown Durand’s Kindred Spirits.

What will be an ideal response?

Answer: The ideal answer should include:
1. In The School of Athens, Raphael uses linear perspective to produce an architectural setting and a group of figures that appear to recede naturally into space.
2. Raphael emphasizes the important figures of Aristotle and Plato by placing them a central position and in an area with the greatest spatial depth.
3. In Kindred Spirits, Durand implies spatial depth through the use of atmospheric perspective.
4. Durand highlights the details of trees and rocks in the foreground and obscures the distant landscape to emphasize the vastness of the American wilderness.

Art & Culture

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The Trotula differed from the earlier Canon of Medicine by

a) its sympathetic tone towards health issues of women. b) advocating faith healing in place of medicine. c) warning against the use of opiates during childbirth. d) its focus on the canons of law.

Art & Culture

Which detail in this scene suggests the beginnings of economic change for the peasantry?

a) the donkey being driven towards the village with the possibility of the man selling wood for profit b) the pigeons eating seed which would fatten them before becoming food for the workers c) the smoke curling up from the chimney indicating a heated house in cold seasons d) the steeple in the distance connecting peasants to the faith and community of the village church

Art & Culture