What is the response of a patient with chronic hypercapnia to a sudden acute rise in carbon diox-ide?
a. In almost all of these patients, there will be no response.
b. The patient's drive to breathe will be in-creased.
c. This will further depress his or her respir-atory centers.
d. This will induce apnea and sudden death.
ANS: B
Chronic hypercapnia does not mean that the medullary chemoreceptors cannot respond to further acute rises in PaCO2. A sudden elevation in PaCO2 immediately crosses the blood-brain barrier into the cerebrospinal fluid, generating H+ ions that subsequently stimulate the medullary chem-oreceptors. This will increase the drive to breathe.
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