Valerie used to leave her room really messy and not make her bed. A month ago, her parents got tired of cleaning up after her and cut off Valerie's allowance until she stopped leaving her room in such a mess. Now, Valerie almost always has her room clean before she leaves the house. Based on what is known about operant conditioning, you should conclude that for Valerie, losing her allowance acted

as a:

a. positive punisher for leaving her room messy
b. negative reinforcer for leaving her room messy
c. conditioned stimulus for leaving her room messy
d. negative punisher for leaving her room messy

D

Psychology

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Professor Boyd suggests that children in every culture can distinguish between costs and benefits because humans have an inborn understanding of economics. The professor's suggestion is most consistent with the views of:

a. Plato. b. Aristotle. c. Francis Bacon. d. John Locke.

Psychology

According to the text, most physicians and mental health professionals now believe that

a. psychological factors affect only stress-related illnesses b. there is a mutual interaction between our minds and bodies c. physical events do not affect our emotional lives d. the body alone should be the basis of medical diagnosis and treatment

Psychology