Problem behaviors are classified into five groups. Positive reinforcement and shaping do not figure into the treatment plan for

Early in their lives, four out of five American infants have frequent episodes of crying that last for 15 or more minutes ____

a. because of separation anxiety b. for no apparent cause. c. as a function of frustration for lack of parental attention. d. because their environment is not warm enough.

The mean is defined as

a. the most frequently occurring score. b. the score located at the mathematical center of the distribution. c. the smallest deviation from the center score. d. the point at or below which 50% of the scores fall.