Explaining the behavior of out-group members on the basis of the characteristic that sets them apart is known as the
A) ?fundamental attribution error.
B) ?self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) ?out-group homogeneity effect.
D) ?out-group heterogeneity effect.
C
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Suppose you are working on the Wason selection task. You are shown four cards and are testing a rule. Research suggests that you will do much better on this task if you
a. choose the cards that are the least obvious. b. try to make your mind as blank as possible. c. can apply your real-world knowledge. d. are given a rule with which you are not familiar.
Your dog jumps on you every time you get a dish out of the kitchen cabinet to feed him. You train your dog to eat only out of a square dish so that he quits jumping on you when you get out other dishes. Your dog's new behavior illustrates
a) acquisition. b) generalization. c) discrimination. d) spontaneous recovery.