A report in the newspaper describes the common epidemiological finding that the rate of depression is higher among women than among men. How have researchers evaluated the validity of this finding?
a. Men and women differ in their willingness to talk about their depressive symptoms.
b. Mental health professionals are more prone to diagnose depression in women than in men.
c. This gender difference is an artifact that occurs only in samples of patients that seek treatment.
d. This gender difference exists, but it cannot be explained by methodological or sampling differences.
Answer: d.
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When playing charades, it is easier to get the answer because you know what category it will be in. This illustrates _____ processing
a) bottom-up b) reverse c) identification d) top-down
Suppose that you show a small boy two bars of fresh fudge that are equal on all dimensions (exactly the same size, shape, and weight)
You ask him if the two bars are the same, and he says "Yes." You then cut one of the bars into 10 chunks as he watches. You are surprised when he now asks if he can have the cut up fudge because it has more candy than the intact bar. This episode illustrates that the youngster: a. probably is retarded. b. lacks the concept of object permanence. c. is in the preoperational stage. d. is in the concrete operational stage.