Though Jenny tried in vain to reach a puzzle on the top shelf by standing on a chair, she simply could not reach it
Out of nowhere, she realized that by placing a thick catalog on the seat of the chair, she would be high enough to reach the puzzle. Jenny's solution is best explained by which of the following?
a) her previous history of conditioning
b) the development of a cognitive map
c) latent learning
d) insight
ANS: D, The sudden realization of the answer to the problem—that "a-ha" moment—demonstrates insight learning.
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Mark and Kathy take their 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday. Each week, the same sequence of events unfolds: Their son screams, demanding that they buy him treats. Although they refuse to give in to his demands, he continues to scream. Finally, either Mark or Kathy gets in their son's face and yells at the top of their lungs "Shut up!" He stops screaming instantly. What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?
a. The parents are using negative reinforcement to increase their son's screaming. b. The parents are in a very dysfunctional marriage; their child's screaming is his way of trying to get his parents to remain married. c. The parents are using punishment to suppress the screaming; their use of punishment is negatively reinforced by the cessation of screaming. d. Their son probably learned how to scream by observing his parents at home, and now he is reinforced on a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. e. The parents are using classical conditioning, and the screaming is a conditioned response.
Identify the characteristics of the slow-to-warm-up child
What will be an ideal response?