The real, bilateral exchange rate is the:
a. Weighted-average value of a currency relative to many foreign currencies.
b. Value of one currency in terms of another currency.
c. Nominal, bilateral exchange rate adjusted for the international price levels of the two countries.
d. Nominal, effective exchange rate adjusted for a nation's price level relative to many foreign countries' prices.
.C
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Villagers in Xiaogang, China, produced more rice than those in surrounding villages because:
a. they had better farmland. b. they were given better seeds. c. they were able to keep the output they produced individually. d. they made each family responsible for a certain, higher quota of rice production. e. they had common ownership over the rice produced.
The total amount that the U.S. government spends to support a covered type of health care service under the Medicare system equals
A) the per-unit subsidy provided to producers of that service times the quantity of the service demanded by consumers at a below-equilibrium out-of-pocket price of the service. B) the per-unit subsidy provided to producers of that service times the equilibrium quantity of the service demanded at the market clearing price that would arise in the absence of Medicare. C) the below-equilibrium, out-of-pocket price that consumers pay for the service times the quantity of the service provided by producers at that out-of-pocket price. D) the below-equilibrium, out-of-pocket price that consumers pay for the service times the quantity of the service demanded by consumers at that out-of-pocket price.