Recent research has revealed that depressed patients have elevated levels of

Posttraumatic stress disorder usually includes combinations of all of the following symptoms EXCEPT

a. emotional numbing in relation to everyday events. b. persistent reexperiences of the traumatic events. c. complete inability to remember or to respond to the event in any way. d. feelings of alienation from others.

Two groups of people are given different kinds of practice problems in logic. They are then tested on a set of new problems to determine whether one kind of practice was better than the other. The nature of the practice problems is the ______ variable

a. observed b. uncontrolled c. dependent d. independent