Artists can create a sense of luminous materiality in oil painting by brushing thin films of transparent color onto the surface, a process called

In the Middle Ages, Aristotle's science began to be undermined by the

A. spread of the deductive method. B. use of the Bible as a guide for research. C. acceptance of the Ptolemaic order of the universe. D. application of empiricism and inductive reasoning.

Short, related melodies, called ________, are used by performers to construct

improvisations.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).