After the Cold War, nationalism led to the fragmentation of the following three states in Europe

The equal time rule holds that

a. a station must give free time to all interest groups. b. a station must give free time to all religious organizations. c. equal blocks of time must be made available to all political candidates. d. the "National Anthem" must be aired at least twice a day. e. a certain percentage of airtime must be devoted to the public interest.

How is ideology in Congress measured?

a. by surveying members on their political views b. by studying actual votes c. by surveying voters in congressional districts d. by studying transcripts of floor debates