To create a digital signature, a sender first takes the original plaintext message and runs it through a_______, which is a mathematical calculation that gives the message a_______.

Unlike magnetic strips, which store only account information, a ________ stores funds on an integrated circuit chip

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Each for-profit organization determines its capital budget and the rules for managing capital spending and expenses the same way.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)