Economists consider price discrimination to always be undesirable

Some economists have argued that path dependence and switching costs can lead to market failure. Which of the following is an example of this argument?

A) VHS video recorders became more popular with consumers than Sony Betamax recorders even though the Betamax recorders embodied a superior technology. B) A consumer who won a lottery for a Super Bowl ticket refuses to sell it for $3,000 even though he would not have paid $3,000 for a ticket if he had not won the lottery. C) Costly celebrity endorsements lead many consumers to buy a product even though it is more expensive or less effective than a product that is not endorsed by a celebrity. D) While playing the ultimate game, an allocator decides to share $20 equally with a recipient rather than keep the $20 for herself.

When the investment is graphed as a function of real GDP

A) it graphs as a vertical straight line. B) it graphs as a 45-degree line starting at the indicated level of investment. C) it graphs as a negatively sloped line indicating the inverse relationship between interest rates and investment. D) it graphs as a horizontal straight line at the level of investment.