Francisco, a fifth grader, shows industriousness when he ________
A) designs a robot and enters a competition with it
B) says he is popular with most of his peers
C) attributes his poor math skills to bad luck that day
D) disagrees with his parents about cutting his hair
Answer: A
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The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to ________
a. be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. b. believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. c. feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. d. overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known.
Compared to his brother in college, Jonah is more likely to think that if he starts smoking marijuana, he will be able to quit when he wants to and nothing bad will happen. This way of thinking demonstrates _______________________________
a. the personal fable b. the imaginary audience c. selective attention d. hypothetical reasoning