Regarding the rate of depression among the elderly, after adjusting for confounding factors, researchers concluded that the rates for the elderly are
A) just about equal to the rates of other adult age groups.
B) much lower than they are for other adult age groups.
C) much higher than they are for other adult age groups.
D) higher than those of young adults but lower than those of middle-aged adults.
A
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A researcher examines the effects of marijuana on cognitive functioning. He assigns adults who receive less than 5 hours of sleep per night to the experimental condition and adults who receive 8 hours or more of sleep per night to the control condition. He concludes that marijuana does lower cognitive functioning. Sleep is:
a. an independent variable b. a dependent variable c. confounding variable d. the experimental group e. the control group
A participant, over the course of repeated testing, bases their responses on their memory for
how they completed the test at an earlier date. This internal validity threat is known as a __________. Fill in the blanks with correct word