________ speaking is a delivery style in which the speaker has little or no time to prepare, and

Ritual apologies are used to take active responsibility for an action

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

A speaker says, "We've had a cool summer, therefore the theory of global warming is a hoax perpetrated by Communists." What fallacy has the speaker used?

A. ad hominem B. non sequitur C. bandwagon appeal D. either/or