Which of the following indicates an increase in airway resistance in a patient receiving mechani-cal ventilation with a constant tidal volume?
a. Increased peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and transairway pressure (PTA)
b. Increased static compliance
c. Increased plateau pressure (Pplateau) and stable PIP
d. Decreased dynamic compliance
ANS: A
Airway resistance can be estimated for a ventilated patient using transairway pressure (PTA). When peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) increases and plateau pressure (Pplateau) remains relatively unchanged, there is an increase in PTA. An increased Pplateau and a stable PIP indicate a decrease in static compliance.
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