If 20 of 100 students (20%) who took an exam scored an A on that exam and 70 of 100 students (70%) passed the exam, then the probability that a randomly selected student would have scored an A or would have passed the exam is 20% plus 70% = 90% (the addition rule of probability).

In a televised "social experiment" by the local television network, 12 people—6 white and 6 African American—were asked to live together for one week. They varied in their level of prejudice; however, those with low levels of prejudice became less prejudiced, while those with high levels became more prejudiced. A psychologist from the university coined this behavior

A) group polarization. B) group norms. C) groupthink. D) group dynamics.

ECT is a treatment used in order to cause a ________ in a patient

A) manic episode B) seizure C) panic attack D) cognitive reappraisal