When a patient comes to the clinic with a combination of symptoms that can be related to one or more conditions, the doctor usually will perform a laboratory test to rule out one of the possible conditions or diseases. This is known as which of the following?

You are treating a 42-year-old female exhibiting signs of shock. You do not suspect a spinal injury. To try to improve blood flow to the heart, you should position the patient:

a. supine with her feet elevated 8–12 inches above the level of the heart. b. flat on her left side. c. supine with the bed tilted so that her head is lower than her feet. d. with her head slightly elevated and her arms raised over her head.

Delivery of the placenta is the conclusion of which stage of labor?

a. first b. second c. third d. fourth