How can you increase disk performance to avoid disk bottlenecks?

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If required, disk performance can be increased in a few different ways:
* Upgrade the drive controller-For example, Serial ATA (SATA) is a faster disk technology than standard ATA. Or, upgrade narrow small computer serial interface (SCSI) to wide SCSI (also requires upgrading the disks).
* Upgrade the disks-Disks are rated for certain speeds of data transfer and seek time. Seek time is the time it takes for the disk to randomly locate data on the drive. If the system is accessing many different files at once, seek time is an important performance factor. A major factor in the data access is the time it takes for the surface of the drive to move under the read/write heads. Electromechanical hard drives that spin the disk faster typically perform faster. The rotations per minute (RPM) is a good indicator of expected performance. A 5,400 RPM drive (typically used in laptop computers) will perform slower than a 15,000 RPM drive, but the reduced performance will reduce noise, cost, heat generation-and power usage. To avoid the mechanical latency concerns, Solid State Drives (SSD) are now readily available. These drives are still new enough to have the advantage of no moving parts; however, they are expensive and have a specific lifetime of usage before they fail.
* Implement RAID0 or RAID5-Both RAID0 and RAID5 increase read and write performance by spreading data manipulation tasks across multiple drivers.
* Move the paging file to a nonsystem disk-By default, the paging file, which is accessed often by the system, resides on the same disk as the operating system files, which are also accessed often by the system. Putting the paging file on a different disk (not just a different partition) can increase performance by reducing the data manipulation that any one disk needs to perform. The paging file can be split over multiple disks to further enhance performance.

Computer Science & Information Technology

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