In a study investigating the effectiveness of a placebo in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, Kaptchuk and colleagues (2010) discovered that
a. patients who knowingly took a placebo reported no improvement in IBS symptoms.
b. patients who knowingly took IBS medication reported no improvement in IBS symptoms.
c. patients who knowingly took a placebo reported improvement in IBS symptoms.
d. patients who knowingly took IBS medication reported improvement in IBS symptoms.
e. control-group patients who received no treatment reported improvement in IBS symptoms.
Answer: C
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The theory that when our attitudes and feelings are uncertain or ambiguous, we infer these states by observing our behavior and the situation in which it occurs.
A. self-perception theory B. self-awareness theory C. self handicapping D. self concept
Which of the following is the biggest limitation of correlational research?
a.) It does not allow conclusions about cause and effect relationships. b.) Its results can only be applied to one subject at a time. c.) No relationship between variables is ever consistent, so findings cannot be applied to the real world. d.) The manipulation of a correlational variable requires an ABAB design, which is not always practical.