After World War II, for a variety of reasons, a number of low-income African Americans and whites migrated from rural areas to big cities

______ are tools by which the American political system chooses its representatives, presidents, senators, and members of Congress.

a. Local initiatives b. Political caucuses c. National elections d. Party primaries

In recent times, mayors have been given a share in policy making, and city administration has been centralized under the mayor's direction

Indicate whether the statement is true or false