Which of the following forms of tolerance would be least likely to lead to the development of withdrawal symptoms, when drug administration is discontinued?

Lester, a 29-year-old smoker, has a head injury and lives in a group home with four other men

They have staff members who are with them 24 hours per day to help them with everyday tasks. Lester often displays aggressive or otherwise inappropriate behaviors as a result of his brain injury. For this reason, the staff members have been trained by the agency psychologist to give him a coupon every time Lester shows an appropriate behavior. When he saves up eight coupons, Lester is rewarded with a cigarette. Which of the following techniques is the staff members using with Lester? a) healing circle b) aversion therapy c) a token economy d) unconditional positive regard

Arranging anxiety-provoking situations in a hierarchy would be characteristic of ________

a. behavioral contracting b. aversive conditioning c. operant conditioning d. systematic desensitization