The author argues that if “decision making is the central administrative act” then “______ is the lifeblood of decision making.”

Which of the following observations would falsify the main hypothesis of this article?

A. Islamic countries have a higher level of democracy. B. Islamic countries have a lower level of democracy. C. Wealthy countries have a lower level of democracy. D. Oil reliant states have a higher level of democracy.

Informal methods of changing the U.S. Constitution include which of the following?

A. Decisions of state courts, judicial activism, and presidential action B. Congressional legislation, judicial review, and presidential action C. Acts of international legislatures, stare decisis, and presidential action D. Stare decisis, referendums, and judicial review E. Ad hoc juries, judicial review, and bureaucratic action