According to Schaie, what is the mission of many (but not all) of people in middle adulthood?

Research on the effects of stress on the immune system suggests which of the following?

a) The immune system is not affected by stress. b) Only certain types of stressors affect the immune system. c) Suppression of immune system functioning by stress always ends immediately after the stressful period ends. d) Suppression of immune system functioning by stress can apparently continue even after the stress itself is over.

Every time Zubin cuts his knees, his mother sprays hydrogen peroxide on it to clean it. Which process accounts for the fact that Zubin does not like the smell of hydrogen peroxide because it reminds him of the pain?

a. classical conditioning. b. operant conditioning. c. observational learning. d. shaping.