Figure-ground is to _______ as dream interpretation is to psychoanalysis

Walter Cannon and other critics of the James-Lange theory of emotion based their attacks on all of the following EXCEPT that

a. autonomic nervous system responses happen too slowly to be involved in emotional responses. b. animals continue to respond emotionally after their viscera are separated from the central nervous system. c. visceral activity is irrelevant for emotional experience. d. there is independence of bodily and psychological responses when an emotion is experienced.

Chloe debated for a long time about whether to take a psychology or a sociology course, both of which looked interesting. She finally chose the psychology course. Now, because she is experiencing ________, she raves about the psychology course to her friends.

a. insufficient justification b. postdecision dissonance c. a justification of effort d. a threat to self-evaluation maintenance