The most commonly used methods to teach clients who have perceptual problems, poor memory, and difficulty following directions include all but which of the following?

A. Brief demonstration and oral instruction
B. Concrete step-by-step approach and instruction
C. Backward chaining
D. Activity performance along with the therapist

ANS: A
The client who is alert and grasps instructions quickly may be able to perform an entire process after a brief demonstration and oral instruction. Clients who have perceptual problems, poor memory, and difficulty following instructions of any kind need a more concrete, step-by -step approach, with the amount of assistance gradually reduced as success is achieved.