The idea that policy makers use objective calculations of costs and benefits to formulate foreign policy decisions is known as______.

Even the most sophisticated analysis that produces the most rational conclusions will not be effective unless it

a. meets the preconceived conclusions of its sponsors. b. is properly communicated to those who actually make the decisions. c. is based only on quantitative data and does not include political considerations. d. provides more than four alternatives for consideration.

Counterbalancing can be used to control

A) sequence effects. B) attrition. C) selection effects. D) regression to the mean