Which of the following statements regarding the progression and prognosis of childhoodonset is supported by research?

a. Although the symptoms of childhood-onset schizophrenia may go into remission for
periods of time, the disorder is often chronic in nature.
b. Symptoms that develop and progress slowly over a long period of time suggest a more
favorable prognosis than symptoms that appear suddenly.
c. Children who show symptoms such as social withdrawal and affective flattening prior to
showing evidence of delusions or hallucinations have a more favorable prognosis than
children whose first symptoms include delusions and/or hallucinations.
d. Individuals who first develop symptoms in childhood, as compared to adolescence, tend
to adapt better to the disorder and are more likely to have long periods of remission later
in life.
e. Most individuals with childhood-onset schizophrenia are able to learn and master the life
skills needed to live independent, productive lives.

A