Which of the following concepts allows a "nature to take its course" approach, allowing someone to succumb to the disease process or a related life-ending complication?

A patient has an extreme spider phobia. he is taken to a room with a cage of spiders against the opposite wall. he is asked to walk as close to the cage as he can. he takes two steps toward the cage and says he cannot go any closer. the psychologist measures the distance on the floor from the patient's feet to the cage. this is a

a. continuous recording b. self-report measure c. natural environmental assessment d. behavioral avoidance test

Juan and Carlos are identical twins. Juan was raised by his father and mother, and Carlos was accidentally placed with another family after a "mix up" at the hospital

At the age of 15, both boys "ran into each other" at a football game and noticed how they appeared to be "mirror images of each other." After proving they were twins by genetic testing, the families discussed some of the differences between the boys. Juan is very athletic and intelligent and excels in basketball but does not take school seriously and has F's in all subjects. Carlos is also athletic and intelligent, and excels in baseball and makes straight A's as a result of his strict home life and study routine. Although they are identical twins, what do you think accounts for the differences in their academic performance based on the research? a. nurture b. nature c. school district superintendent d. teacher appraisals of performance e. continuity