Lobbyists don't just work for private interests; they also represent schools, special districts, cities, and counties--in other words, local governments--in the lawmaking and budgeting process.

Opponents of the death penalty argue all but which one of the following?

a. Innocent people are sometimes executed. b. Capital punishment is racially biased. c. Social science studies are inconclusive as to whether the death penalty deters criminal behavior. d. It costs more to execute a criminal than to imprison someone for life. e. Two wrongs do not make a right.

An initial consequence to the patronage system was to make the American bureaucracy ______.

a. more impartial, neutral, and driven by standard operating procedures and technical expertise b. more independent from the legislature with regard to individual merit and qualifications c. less dependent on the president with regard to who is chosen and the position they received d. more partisan based, particularly with the appointment of members of the president’s party