According to a study conducted by Giei (1999) in a single act of unprocted sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has

Which type of variance is associated with random or individual differences?

a. Between groups variance b. Within groups variance c. Total variance d. All of the above

Jade helps clean up toys without having to be prompted or reminded, and she claps her hands and says, "All done!" when the task is complete. Researchers would probably say that Jade is exhibiting

a. situational compliance b. committed compliance c. signs of conscience d. emotion regulation