Effective teams link individual rewards to team performance

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) a technology allowing telephone calls using the Internet is an example of:

A. An environmental force that can constrain other organization's ability to pursue certain marketing strategies or activities B. Environmental variables and changes in those variables over time, helping to determine the ultimate success or failure of marketing strategies C. Changes in the environment creating new marketing opportunities for an organization D. Environmental variables affected or changed by marketing activities E. None of the above

Which of the following situations suggests that the decision maker impose binary values for decision variables?

a. The decision maker wants to determine how many units of a product to produce. b. The decision maker wants to determine whether or not to produce a production lot. c. The decision maker wants to seek the minimum production cost. d. All of the above