Comparing someone to the average person of his or her age is known as __________

Whose research on middle-class White American families, along with the research of other scholars inspired by this individual's ideas, was involved in examining how individuals parented their children?

a. Jean Piaget b. Albert Ellis c. Diana Baumrind d. John Applegate

A child who reasons at the preconventional level would help another person because

a. she might get a reward for helping. b. she is afraid that others would disapprove of her if she didn't help. c. helping is a good behavior that is valued by society. d. she has a moral principle of responsibility for others.