A foreign exchange intervention with an offsetting open market operation that leaves the monetary base unchanged is called

Refer to Figure 3-8. The graph in this figure illustrates an initial competitive equilibrium in the market for apples at the intersection of D1 and S2 (point B). Which of the following changes would cause the equilibrium to change to point C?

A) a positive change in the technology used to produce apples and decrease in the price of oranges, a substitute for apples B) an increase in the wages of apple workers and an increase in the price of oranges, a substitute for apples C) an increase in the number of apple producers and a decrease in the number of apple trees as a result of disease D) a decrease in the wages of apple workers and an increase in the price of oranges, a substitute for apples

The central macroeconomic concept that is most clearly related to changes in the well-being of the average member of the economy is the

A) unemployment rate. B) inflation rate. C) productivity growth rate. D) None of the above is closely related.