Agents that have become a dominant class of antimicrobials since 1990 are known as:
A) fluoroquinolones
B) sulfa drugs
C) tetracyclines
D) aminoglycosides
A) fluoroquinolones
A) Since 1990, the fluoroquinolones have become a dominant class of bactericidal antimicrobial agents. Quinolones have been in use since 1964.
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A 76-year-old patient with acute interstitial nephritis presents with oliguria, altered mental status, and edema to his face, hands, and feet. Of the following, which best describes the pathophysiology behind these clinical findings?
A) Increased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste. B) Na+ and K+ excretion results in diuresis and dehydration. C) Decreased GFR results in retention of water, electrolytes, and metabolic waste. D) H+ excretion results in diuresis and alkalosis.
Which of the following is NOT an acceptable estimate of the correct size of endotracheal tube for a pediatric patient?
A) The patient's age in years plus 16, divided by 4 B) The diameter of the little finger C) A length-based resuscitation tape D) Twice the width of the naris