What was the Supreme Court's rationale in the Civil Rights Cases (1883) for why Congress could not prohibit discrimination in public accommodations?
a. Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because they involve interstate commerce.
b. Congress can only regulate government discrimination, not discrimination by private individuals.
c. Congress cannot prohibit discrimination because doing so violates the First Amendment right to freedom of speech.
d. Congress cannot prohibit discrimination because there was insufficient evidence that discrimination exists.
Answer: b
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Externally created political parties differ from internally created political parties because
A. externally created parties are exclusive, while internally created parties are inclusive. B. internally created parties are exclusive, while externally created parties are inclusive. C. externally created parties and internally created parties are both exclusive. D. externally created parties were founded by citizens outside of government, while internally created parties were founded by officeholders.
Which of the following statements is true of majority-minority districts?
A. They have been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. B. They do not qualify as racial gerrymanders. C. They provide greater opportunities for minorities to get elected. D. They are not comprised of a majority of racial or ethnic minorities.