Which destabilizing influence did the Ottoman, Mughal and Safavid empires face in the period 1450-1750?

a. A growing influx of silver through trade with the West leading to widespread inflation
b. Revived threats from central Asian nomads
c. Western siege and occupation of their capital cities
d. Unprecedented drought
e. Bubonic plague outbreaks that reduced populations by one-third

Answer: a. A growing influx of silver through trade with the West leading to widespread inflation