During sleep, periods of rapid eye movement (REM) alternate with non-REM sleep in a cycle that recurs about every ________

When Mary looks at the following display, she tends to see horizontal rows rather than vertical columns of faces. This happens because ________ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

a. lines and patterns tend to be perceived as continuing in time and space. b. items that are alike in some way (such as in color, shape, or size) tend to be perceived as belonging together. c. items that are near each other tend to be grouped together. d. horizontal displays tend to be perceived as figure and vertical displays as ground.

Individuals' beliefs about why they or others succeed or fail are referred to as ________

Fill in the blanks with correct word