A drawback in using primary punishers and primary reinforcers in research is that ________
a. they are not as effective as secondary reinforcers in conditioning procedures.
b. using primary punishers or taking away a primary reinforcer is sometimes not ethical.
c. the experimenter must first make sure that the stimulus has acquired reinforcing properties.
d. they are more likely than other punishers and reinforcers to lead to superstitious behaviors.
Answer: b
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The way we each affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of others and are, in turn, affected by others is the study of _____
A) social psychology B) sociology C) anthropology D) social philosophy
According to the article containing the Kim, et al. study (Oh Rats!), empirical psychology relies on data from
(a) observations and experiments (b) philosophic speculation (c) theoretical formulations (d) new age reasoning