Without money, no transaction can occur

The Federal Reserve reports that it has coins valued at $10 billion, bank reserves at the Fed of $15 billion, gold valued at $10 billion, Federal Reservesnotes of $400 billion, and U.S. government securities of $300 billion

What is the size of the monetary base?

Overt collusion is relatively rare because: a. they are illegal in some countries, including the United States. b. members find it difficult to agree on key decisions

c. members frequently have an incentive to cheat on the cartel. d. of all the above reasons.