In response to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold), the United States Supreme Court, in Citizens United v. FEC, ruled that
A. Limits cannot be placed upon candidates’ contributions to their own campaigns
B. Independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions are protected by the First Amendment
C. Limits on issue advertisements 90 days before an election are unconstitutional
D. Limits on campaign contributions by minors are constitutional under the First Amendment
E. Requiring endorsement statements in campaign advertisements is unconstitutional
Ans: B. Independent campaign expenditures by corporations and unions are protected by the First Amendment
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What is considered the primary reason that human rights often take a backseat in American foreign policy?
a. Public opinion will not support risky human rights policies. b. National security interests override human rights interests. c. There is no monetary payoff from human rights policies. d. Congress sees little value in a strong human rights policy.
A representative who votes in accordance with the wishes of his or her constituency is acting as a(n) __________, while one who pursues the best national interest, regardless of public opinion in his or her constituency, is acting as a(n) __________.
A. ?trustee; instructed delegate B. instructed ?delegate; trustee C. ?trustee; ombudsperson D. ?instructed delegate; ombudsperson E. ?ombudsperson; trustee