Within-subjects designs allow a researcher to test causal hypotheses with confidence and without

The ethical principles of research

A) were developed by people other than scientists and then legally mandated for all science. B) are continually discussed and modified as scientists and others become more sensitive to ethical issues. C) have changed little since they were first established in the early 1950s. D) have become more permissive as scientists discovered that the original guidelines were excessively strict.

Between 1988 and 1994, PRI presidents introduced a series of reforms to liberalize the economy to end the country's traditional import substitution industrialization policy. Which of the following was NOT such a reform?

a. The privatization of many state enterprises b. Deregulation of the private sector c. The division of ejidos into individually owned plots of land d. Mexican membership in NAFTA e. The strengthening of Mexican federal system to give more authority to Mexico's traditionally weak central government to promote economic development