Haruto attended every class this semester in his Chemistry course but cannot recall an important formula during his final exam. All of the following are possible reasons for his inability to recall this information EXCEPT for

A. he was distracted in class when this information was presented and it was never encoded.
B. he thought about the information only briefly after it was presented and it was never passed from his short-term to long-term memory storage.
C. his high stress level prevented him from retrieving the information from his memory.
D. the information was never passed from his short-term to long-term memory because his long-term memory was at capacity.

Answer: D