How can researchers study differences between two or more groups of subjects who may react differently to some test or experience?
A) Use a placebo control group
B) Use subject characteristics as a dependent variable
C) Use subject characteristics as an independent variable
D) Use a within-subjects design
C
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An appropriate time to terminate the counseling relationship is when
a. The client is resistant b. The client does not improve after treatment c. The client professes too slowly d. All of the above
After carefully observing thousands of students, Dr. O'Brien
revealed to his colleagues that students with brown eyes are statistically more likely to write with pens instead of pencils. Although his colleagues did not question his statistics, they did suggest that a finding such as this lacked A) authenticity. B) validity. C) statistical measures. D) practical significance.